Ngokunyuka kwemveliso yeemoto kunye nokuthengisa, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokukhutshwa kongcoliseko okwenziwa ngexesha lemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemoto kuyanda.Kwangaxeshanye, ungcoliseko lwemekobume nalo luya lubonakala ngakumbi.Ke ngoko, ukuze kukhuthazwe uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lweshishini leemoto, phantsi kwesiseko sokuqinisekisa ukuqina, amandla, kunye nokusebenza ngokhuseleko kwemoto, ngokuguqula izinto zesakhiwo semoto kunye neenxalenye, ubunzima bemoto bufezekiswa, okubalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha emoto kunye nokunciphisa ungcoliseko.Izinto ezikhutshwayo zinefuthe elikhulu kakhulu lokunyusa.Iimoto ezilula azikwazi nje ukugcina amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, kodwa ziphucula ukuzinza kunye nokuguquguquka kwemoto ngexesha lokuqhuba.Eli nqaku ikakhulu lichaza ingxubevange ye-magnesium kunye ne-aluminium alloy, okwangoku izezona zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi izixhobo zemoto ezikhaphukhaphu, kwaye zihlalutya iimpawu zazo kunye nezinto eziluncedo, kunye nendlela yophuhliso lwekamva lobunzima bemoto.
Ukujonga kwindlela yophuhliso lwangoku, ukuze kukhuselwe okusingqongileyo kunye nokugcina amandla kunye nezixhobo, uphando lwezithuthi lwexesha elizayo kunye nophuhliso luya kuhlawula ngakumbi kuyilo olukhaphukhaphu lweemoto.Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhaphukhaphu ezifana nentsimbi ephezulu, i-aluminium alloy, i-magnesium alloy, kunye nezixhobo ezihlanganisiweyo kwimveliso yemoto inokufikelela ngempumelelo kwimoto ekhaphukhaphu.Ukongeza, iinkqubo zokuvelisa eziphucukileyo ezinje ngokubumba okushushu, i-laser elungiselelwe i-welding, i-hydraulic forming, njl.Iimoto ezikhaphukhaphu.I-aluminiyam ialloy isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimoto ekhaphukhaphu edlulayo ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo ezinje ngoxinaniso oluphantsi, ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokutya kunye nokusebenza ngokulula.
I-Aluminiyam yintsimbi ekhaphukhaphu enombane kunye ne-thermal conductivity elungileyo, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle.Ngelo xesha, ukusebenza kwe-machining ye-aluminium alloy kungcono kunezinto zensimbi zendabuko.Ialuminiyam inendawo esezantsi yokunyibilika.Izinga lokubuyisela i-aluminium ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kunye nenkqubo yokubuyisela kwakhona ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-90%.I-aluminiyam ialloy inokuveliswa kwakhona okuhle kakhulu, ngoko ke i-alloy ye-Aluminiyam okwangoku yeyona nto ifanelekileyo yokuqonda ubunzima beemoto.
Ukusetyenziswa kweenxalenye ze-aluminium alloy kwiimoto kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ubunzima bemoto yonke, ukuthoba iziko lomxhuzulane wemoto, kwaye kuqonde ngokwenene ubunzima bemoto.Emva kokuba ubunzima bemoto buncitshisiwe, ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kwemoto kuya kuphuculwa ekuqhubeni imoto, kwaye imoto iya kuzinza kwaye ikhululekile, kwaye ingxolo kunye nokungcangcazela kuya kuphuculwa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-alloy ye-aluminium kwi-automobile lightweight ikakhulu ibandakanya i-aluminium alloy forgings, i-metal die castings, i-aluminium alloy extrusion kunye neemveliso zokuzoba, njl.
Ingxubevange ye-aluminiyam yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwinkqubo yangoku yemoto ekhaphukhaphu.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-injini yemoto, i-chassis, i-wheel hub kunye nezinye izakhiwo.I-injini ibizwa ngokuba "yintliziyo" inxalenye yemoto, kwintloko ye-cylinder, ibhloko ye-cylinder, i-piston, njl njl. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-aluminium alloy kwiindawo akunakunciphisa kuphela ubunzima bobunzima be-injini, kodwa kwakhona ubushushu obuveliswe kumsebenzi we-injini ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-injini
I-weldability ye-aluminium alloy sheet imbi ngakumbi kunentsimbi ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ephucula ukusebenza kwe-welding kunye nomgangatho we-welding we-aluminium alloy sheet, kwaye yandisa uluhlu lwesicelo se-aluminium ingxubevange.Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokwenza itekhnoloji eshushu, itekhnoloji yokwenza itekhnoloji ye-superplastic kunye ne-electromagnetic coincidence ukwenza itekhnoloji ukuphucula ukubunjwa kunye nokwenza umgangatho weephaneli zealluminiyam.
Okwangoku, ukongeza kwizinto zentsimbi ze-aluminiyam, izixhobo ezihlanganisiweyo ezisekwe kwi-aluminiyam zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimveliso yemoto ekhaphukhaphu ngenxa yeengenelo zazo zokuxinana okuphantsi, amandla aphezulu, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala okukhulu.Xa kuthelekiswa nepistons yentsimbi yentsimbi yesintu, iipistoni zeenjini zemoto zinciphisa ubunzima bazo malunga ne-10%, ngelixa ukusebenza kwazo kokunciphisa ubushushu kunyuka ngamaxesha ama-4.Ukuthintelwa ngexabiso kunye nokulawulwa komgangatho wemveliso, i-aluminium-based composite ayikayikhanga isikali esikhulu, kodwa ibonise ukusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kwezinye iindawo zemoto.
Kuphuhliso lwanamhlanje olukhawulezayo lwezoqoqosho nezentlalo, ezijongene neengxaki zamandla amatsha kunye neengxaki zokusingqongileyo, izithuthi ezikhaphukhaphu zinokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha ezithuthi, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo.Kwinkqubo ye-automotive lightweighting, i-magnesium alloys, i-aluminium alloys kunye nezinye izinto zetsimbi zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi ngenxa yeenzuzo kunye neempawu zabo.Kwixesha elizayo, uphuculo lwetekhnoloji luya kusetyenziswa ukunciphisa iindleko zemathiriyeli, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto, kunye nokuphuhlisa izinto ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye nezinto ezinokwenzeka.Izixhobo ezitsha ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe zikwayindlela engenakuthintelwa kuphando kunye nophuhliso lwemoto ekhaphukhaphu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-22-2021