Ngomhla we-13 kaDisemba, iPalamente yaseYurophu kunye neBhunga laseYurophu bafikelela kwisivumelwano sokuseka indlela yokulawula umda wekhabhoni, eya kubeka iirhafu zekhabhoni kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ngokusekelwe kwiigesi zabo zokushisa kunye nokukhutshwa.Ngokutsho kwewebhusayithi yePalamente yaseYurophu, indlela yokulungelelanisa umda wekhabhoni, eya kuqala ukusebenza ngo-Okthobha 1, 2023, igubungela intsimbi, isamente,aIiprofayili zeluminium, iprofayili ye-aluminium yeengcango kunye neefestile, iirakhi zelanga,izichumisi, umbane kunye namashishini e-hydrogen, kunye neemveliso zentsimbi ezifana nezikrufu kunye neebholiti.Indlela yokulawula umda wekhabhoni iya kubeka ixesha lokutshintsha ngaphambi kokuba isebenze, apho abahwebi baya kufuneka baxele kuphela ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.
Ngokutsho kwesicwangciso sangaphambili, i-2023-2026 iya kuba lixesha lokuguqulwa kokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo we-EU carbon tariff, kwaye i-EU iya kumisela iirhafu ezipheleleyo zekhabhoni ukusuka kwi-2027. Okwangoku, ixesha le-EU carbon tariff lisebenza ngokusemthethweni. ukuya kuthethathethwano lokugqibela.Ngokusebenza kwendlela yokulawula umda wekhabhoni, i-quota yekhabhoni yasimahla phantsi kwenkqubo yokurhweba ngekhabhoni ye-EU iya kupheliswa ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye i-EU iya kuvavanya nokuba yandise umda weerhafu zekhabhoni kwezinye iindawo, kubandakanya iikhemikhali eziphilayo kunye neepolymers.
UQin Yan, oyintloko yamandla kunye nomhlalutyi wekhabhoni eLufu kunye nomphandi kwi-Oxford Energy Research Institute, uxelele i-21st Century Business Herald ukuba isicwangciso esipheleleyo somatshini sele sigqityiwe, kodwa siya kulinda ukumiselwa kokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ye-EU. inkqubo yorhwebo.Indlela yokulungelelanisa irhafu yekhabhoni ye-EU iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-EU ye-Fit yephakheji yokunciphisa i-55 ye-emission, enethemba lokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse ubuncinane ngama-55% ngo-2030 ngokusekelwe kumanqanaba ka-1990.I-EU ithi isicwangciso sibalulekile kwi-EU ukufezekisa ukungathathi hlangothi kwemozulu kunye nesivumelwano sohlaza ngo-2050.
Indlela yokuhlengahlengisa umda wekhabhoni esekwe yi-EU ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-carbon tariff.Umrhumo weKhabhoni ubhekisa kumazwe okanye imimandla emisela ngokungqongqo ukucutha ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, kwaye ifuna ukungenisa elizweni (ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle) kweemveliso ezinekhabhoni ephezulu ukuhlawula (ukubuyisela) iirhafu ezihambelanayo okanye izabelo zekhabhoni.Ukuvela kwemirhumo yekhabhoni kubangelwa ikakhulu kukuvuza kwekhabhoni, okushenxisa abavelisi abanxulumeneyo besuka kwiindawo apho ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kulawulwa ngokungqongqo ukuya kwiindawo apho imimiselo yolawulo lwemozulu ithe yayekelela ukuvelisa.
Umgaqo-nkqubo we-carbon tariff ecetywayo yi-EU iphinda igweme ngenjongo yokuvuza ingxaki yokuvuza kwekhabhoni kwindawo ye-EU, oko kukuthi, ukuthintela iinkampani ze-EU zendawo ukuba ziphume kumashishini abo ukuze zigweme imigaqo-nkqubo engqongqo yokulawula ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.Kwangaxeshanye, baye baseka imiqobo yorhwebo eluhlaza ukukhulisa ukukhuphisana kwemizi-mveliso yabo.
Ngo-2019, i-EU iqale yacebisa ukunyusa irhafu yekhabhoni kurhwebo lokungeniswa nokuthumela ngaphandle;ngoDisemba waloo nyaka, i-EU yandulula ngokusesikweni indlela yokulawula umda wekhabhoni.NgoJuni 2022, iPalamente yaseYurophu ivotele ngokusesikweni ukuba ipasise izilungiso kuMthetho weCarbon Border Tariff Regulation Mechanism Act.
Uphando lwesicwangciso sokutshintsha kwemozulu yelizwe kunye neziko lentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, umlawuli wesicwangciso sobuchule u-Chai Qi Min ngo-Agasti walo nyaka kudliwano-ndlebe nophuhliso lwephephandaba laseChina kunye nohlaziyo, wabonisa ukuba iirhafu zekhabhoni luhlobo lwemiqobo yorhwebo eluhlaza, umgaqo-nkqubo we-carbon tariff eu yi. ukunciphisa amaxabiso ekhabhoni ngaphakathi kwempembelelo yemarike yaseYurophu kunye nokukhuphisana kwemveliso, ngaxeshanye ngokusebenzisa imiqobo yorhwebo ukuze kugcinwe amanye amashishini angundoqo aseYurophu, afana neemoto, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, inzuzo yokwenziwa kwenqwelomoya, kwenza umsantsa wokhuphiswano.
Ngokuseka imirhumo yekhabhoni, iManyano yaseYurophu ithe yazibandakanya okokuqala iimfuno zokutshintsha kwemozulu kwimithetho yorhwebo yehlabathi.Inyathelo le-EU litsala umdla wamazwe amaninzi.Ngokweengxelo zeendaba, iCanada, i-United Kingdom kunye ne-United States zonke zicinga ukumisela iirhafu zekhabhoni.
Kwingxelo yayo yeendaba, i-EU yathi i-carbon tariff mechanism ihambelana ngokupheleleyo nemithetho ye-WTO, kodwa inokudala uluhlu lweengxabano ezintsha zorhwebo, ngakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo anamazinga aphezulu kakhulu okukhutshwa kwekhabhoni dioxide.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-14-2022
